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카트리나는 앞으로 화석연료 사용이 한계점을 지나 기울기 시작하는 시발점으로 기록될 것이다. 또 미국인들이 원유(原油) 시대의 종말과
지구온난화의 재해가 먼 미래의 일이라는 미신을 버린 순간으로 기억할 것이다. 그 ‘미래’는 지난 8월29일 뉴올리언스와 미시시피만(灣) 지역
저지대를 초토화시킨 거대한 파도를 타고 폰차트레인 호숫가에 도달했다.
카트리나는 단순한 불행이나 가끔 오는 자연재해가 아니다. 우리가 이 악마 같은 폭풍을 만들었다. 한 세대 동안 지구온난화가 초래할 재앙에
대해 배워왔으면서도, 이를 막지 못한 것이다. 차량 중 52%가 엄청난 이산화탄소를 내뿜는 SUV(스포츠형 다목적차량)인 미국 실정에서 우리가
무얼 기대할 수 있었겠는가?
장래에 미국인들은 전세계 인구의 5%도 안되는 미국이 세계 화석연료 소비량의 4분의 1을 썼다는 사실을 어떻게 아이들에게 설명할 수
있을까? 에너지 보전을 위해 가솔린 1갤런당 5센트의 세금을 더 내지 못할 정도로 우리는 이기적이었다고 허리케인 피해자들에게 어떻게 말할 수
있을까? 외국인들이 미국은 지구온난화 문제를 최대 과제로 삼자는 교토 협약에 왜 서명하지 않았느냐고 물어올 때, 뭐라고 답해야 할까?
한동안 미국인들은 이재민들에게 음식과 머물 곳, 재정적 지원을 한다고 난리일 것이다. 미국인들은 고통받는 사람들을 돕는다는 것에 대해
자부심을 느낀다. 그런데 지구가 도움을 호소할 때, 왜 우리는 그러지 못하는 걸까? 결국 우리는 지금 그 대가를 치르고 있다.
우리는 지금 2개의 폭풍 전선 사이에 놓여있다. 하나는 사상 최초로 세계 원유 수요가 공급을 넘어서고 있다는 사실이다. 국제시장의 원유
가격은 배럴당 70달러를 맴돈다. 휘발유와 난방용 기름 가격은 멕시코만 지역에 불어난 물처럼 뛰어올랐다. 지금은 원유 시대의 마지막 시기다.
다른 하나는 우리 생태 환경이 이산화탄소 증가로 비명을 지르고 있다는 것이다. 도망가서 숨을 데도 없다. 지구는 뜨거워지고, 우리는 예측할 수
없는 시대에 갇혀 있다.
지금도 부시 대통령은 미국인들에게 제방을 새로 쌓고, 황폐화된 지역 재건에 힘써 달라고 호소하고 있다. 하지만 지구온난화를 막지 못한다면
앞으로 어떻게 될까? 다음에는 5등급, 아니 더 지독한 폭풍이 몰아칠 것이다.
잠깐이나마 부시 대통령의 귀를 빌릴 수 있다면 들려주고 싶은 말이 있다. 태풍의 눈을 자세히 보면 지구의 종말을 볼 수 있을 것이라고. 또
카트리나에게 배울 수 있는 것은 지구상 모든 생명체를 위협하는 기름 마개에서 우리 자신들을 떼내기 위해 모든 노력을 기울여야 한다는 사실이라는
얘기를···.
대통령은 “폭풍에 맞서 싸워 이기자”는 설교는 뒤로 미뤄야 한다. 대신 카트리나가 왜 발생했는지 그 진실을 말해야 한다. 방만한 에너지
소비 방향을 바꾸도록 해야 한다. 미래의 에너지 활용을 위해 지금 화석 연료 사용을 줄이는 희생을 감내하도록 해야 한다. 우리는 대통령이
지속가능한 재활용 에너지와 수력을 사용할 수 있는 방안을 제시해 주길 기다리고 있다.
Global Warming Hits New Orleans: The Controversy After
the Storm Jeremy Rifkin is the author of The Hydrogen Economy: The Creation of the World Wide Energy Web and the Redistribution of Power on Earth (Tarcher/Putnam: September 2002). First the deafening roar of Katrina bearing down at 145 miles per hour on the gulf coast of the United States. Now the eerie silence, as victims wash ashore and out to sea. And in the aftermath, it seems that all of official Washington is holding its breath, less the dirty little secret gets out: that Katrina is the entropy bill for increasing CO2 emissions and global warming. The scientists have been warning us for years. They said to keep our eyes on the Caribbean where the dramatic effects of climate change are first likely to show up in the form of more severe and even catastrophic hurricanes. Indeed. Over the course of the past several years, hurricane activity and intensity has picked up in the Caribbean basin. Now the killer storm Katrina has hit with a vengeance, exacting incomprehensible devastation on a wide swath of the southeastern portion of the United States. The reality is, Katrina will be looked back on as a “tipping point” of the fossil fuel era the moment when the American public began to discard the comfortable myth that the end of the oil era and the cataclysmic effects of global warming lie far in the distant future. The future arrived on the shores of Lake Ponchartrain with a giant wave of water rushing through the streets of New Orleans, wreaking destruction and havoc on the low-lying lands of the Mississippi gulf region on Monday, August 29th and the result is that America and the world have changed forever. Katrina is not just bad luck, nature’s occasional surprise thrust on an unsuspecting humanity. Make no mistake about it. We created this monster storm. We’ve known about the potentially devastating impact of global warming for nearly a generation. Yet, we turned up the throttle, as if to say, we just don’t give a damn. What did we expect? 52% of all the vehicles owned in America are SUVs, each a death engine, spewing record amounts of CO2 into the earth’s atmosphere. How do we explain to our children that we Americans represent less than 5% of the population of the world, but devour more than 1/4 of the fossil fuel energy produced each year. How do we say to the grieving relatives of the victims whose lives were lost in the hurricane that we were too selfish to even allow a modest 5 cent additional tax on a gallon of gasoline to encourage energy conservation? And when our neighbors in Europe and around the world ask why the American public was so unwilling to make global warming a priority by signing on to the Kyoto Treaty on climate change, what do we tell them? In the coming days and weeks, millions of Americans will rush to the assistance of the victims of hurricane Katrina with offerings of food, shelter and financial assistance. Natural calamities bring out the best of the American character. We pride ourselves on being there for our fellow human beings when they cry out for help. Why can’t we muster up the same passionate response when the earth itself is crying out for help? Shame on the United State of America and the peoples of other countries we’re not alone who have put their personal short-term whims and gratifications ahead of the welfare of the planet. Of course, now even we are paying the price. We’re caught up now between two storm fronts. on the one hand, global oil demand is, for the first time in history, eclipsing global oil supply. The price of a barrel of oil is hovering at $70.00 on world markets. Gasoline and heating oil are rising as fast as the flood waters in the gulf-states, in part because the storm knocked out oil rigs across the Gulf of Mexico and crippled a large portion of our gasoline refining facilities. We are entering the last few decades of the oil era, with ominous consequences for the future of a global economy run virtually entirely on fossil fuels. While our petro-geologists are not sure when global oil production will peak the point when half the world’s recoverable oil is used up it’s clear to all but the few delusional souls in the oil industry that the beginning of the end is in sight. On the other hand, our Biosphere is convulsing from the buildup of CO2 gases, and there is nowhere to hide or escape. Our planet is heating up, trapping all of us in an unpredictable new period in history. There will be thousands of memorial services in coming weeks to pay respects to the dead, the missing and the injured. There will be hand-wringing and recrimination. The public will demand to know why the dikes protecting New Orleans and the gulfport region failed. Why necessary precautions weren’t taken to lessen the impact of Katrina. Why the relief effort was too little, too late. Still, what we are not likely to hear from President Bush and The White House or from business leaders, or for that matter from all of us still driving our SUVs is a collective “we’re sorry!” President Bush has called on the American people in this hour of our grief to rally to the task, to help restore the dykes and causeways, patch up the streets, and rebuild the homes and communities lost in the devastation. To what end, if we leave the demon of global warming unchecked. The next time it will be a Category 5 storm or something even far worse and unimaginable. If I could get the ear of President Bush, for just a moment, here’s what I would say. Mr. President, if you had looked deeply into the eye of the storm, what you would have seen was the future demise of the planet we live on. It’s time to tell the American people and the world that the real lesson of Katrina is that we need to mobilize the talent, energy, and resolve of the American people and people everywhere to weaning ourselves off the oil spigot that’s threatening the future of every creature on earth. President Bush, spare us your homilies about American grit and determination to “weather the storm and persevere.” Instead, tell us the truth about why Katrina really happened. Ask all of us to consider a change of heart about our profligate energy-consuming lifestyles. Call on us to conserve our existing fossil fuel reserves and make sacrifices in our future use of energy. Provide us with a game plan to move America beyond fossil fuels to a new sustainable energy future based on renewable sources of energy and hydrogen power. We’re waiting. |
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